Corporation Business and Corporation Law

Question: Examine about the contextual analysis Corporation for Business and Corporation Law. Answer: Presentation: As indicated by law, an agreement or understanding between people where both of the gatherings can legitimately constrain the exhibition of the other is known as enforceable understanding (Alan Robert, 2003; p. 25). This implies the understanding or agreement conveys the power of law behind it. The courts can likewise get engaged with authorizing contracts, with the incorporation of having a segment proclaimed void. In the circumstance introduced, Jane has just made Jack a proposal without expressing a value breaking point of the amount it should sell for. In this way, the agreement is fairly open and it is Jack who is to choose whether or not to acknowledge the offer. Also, he isn't obliged by law to satisfy the specifics of this agreement or follow up on it. Application/Analysis Jane has made a proposal to give her Lotus Super 7 games vehicle to Jack. She has not expressed any cost as far as how much the vehicle ought to go for. Notwithstanding, Jane has just expressed the market estimation of this sort of vehicle in great condition. Given these realities, this sort of understanding or agreement is an unenforceable one despite the fact that it is as yet thought to be legitimate. In this way, a lawful element can't urge one or the two gatherings to follow up on it or satisfy its terms and conditions since there is an open approach or resolution making it unenforceable (Leigh, 2001; p. 74). Jane may not prevail with regards to selling her Lotus Super 7 games vehicle to Jack particularly if Jack finds the offer troublesome. Besides, Jack isn't legitimately obligated to satisfy the terms and states of this specific understanding since it is just the market esteem which has been expressed. Then again, Jack may counteroffer this proposal by offering a lower cost than the $25,000 for the games vehicle since he has just acknowledged it. Jane offers to sell Jack her Lotus Super 7 games vehicle for $25,000. The market an incentive for this sort of vehicle in great condition is around $25,000. Jack acknowledges. Issue The issue here is whether an enforceable understanding is available when Jack acknowledges the offer. Rules As of now demonstrated, an enforceable understanding is what either gatherings can legally prompt the exhibition of the other. For this situation, there is an enforceable understanding in light of the fact that Jane has not just offered a selling an incentive for her Lotus Super 7 games vehicle, however has additionally shown the market an incentive for this kind of vehicle in great condition. What's more, Jack has acknowledged to satisfy the conditions of this understanding. This implies he has been legitimately obliged to follow up on the agreement, in case he be held at risk for penetrate of agreement. Application/Analysis Jane made a proposal for her Lotus Super 7 games vehicle at $25,000. Remarkably, this cost is like the market estimation of the vehicle in great condition. Jack has acknowledged the offer. One may infer that the vehicle was in acceptable condition on account of the comparability in costs. Consequently, Jane would get an incentive for her games vehicle and would not go at a misfortune. End Given the way that this specific agreement is enforceable, Jack would be held at risk for break of agreement on the off chance that he neglects to respect its terms. Jane is likewise offering the vehicle in great condition and this is maybe the motivation behind why Jack has acknowledged the offer. Jane offers to sell Jack her Lotus Super 7 games vehicle for $2,500. The market an incentive for this sort of vehicle in great condition is around $25,000. Jack acknowledges. Issue The issue here is whether an enforceable understanding is available when Jack acknowledges the offer. Rules For this situation, the agreement is enforceable. Jane has offered to sell her Lotus Super 7 games vehicle at a much lower an incentive than its market cost. This is an alluring cost for any potential purchaser. Be that as it may, an agreement or understanding, oral or composed, might be hard to implement except if the terms in that can be confirm or are conceded by the gatherings in question (Mather, 1999; p. 76). Once Jane has acknowledged installment or Jack has acknowledged conveyance of the games vehicle secured by the oral agreement, it settles on the understanding legitimate even in an official courtroom. Application/Analysis Jane has offered to offer her vehicle to Jack at a lower cost than that of its reasonable worth. Jack has acknowledged, making the agreement legitimate. Taking a gander at these realities, the gatherings included are not just skillful people who have the legal ability to contract, yet have additionally consented to the terms laid in that. There is additionally commonality of commitment. Strikingly, Jack has clearly made a counteroffer and gotten a lower cost than the vehicles advertise esteem. Jane has acknowledged the counteroffer and is eager to satisfy the conditions of the agreement. End In the event that this was a legal dispute, Jack would not win since he has just acknowledged the offer made especially subsequent to making the counteroffer. It might be accepted that the vehicle isn't in acceptable condition and in this way can't be offered at its fairly estimated worth. This implies Jack has acknowledged to get the Lotus Super 7 games vehicle at the worth being offered by Jane, and will make the essential fixes or adjustments himself. Inability to pay for the vehicle may bring about a lawful suit. A shipbuilder had contracted to manufacture a big hauler for North Ocean Tankers. The agreement was in US dollars and didnt contain any arrangements for money variances. Roughly part of the way through development of the boat, the United States cheapened its cash by 10%. As the shipbuilder remained to make a misfortune on the agreement, it requested that an extra US$3 million be paid or it would quit working. The purchaser hesitantly concurred under dissent to pay, as he previously had a sanction for the big hauler and it was fundamental that it be conveyed on schedule. The purchaser didnt start activity to recoup the overabundance installment until somewhere in the range of nine months after convey. Will the purchaser prevail with regards to recuperating the abundance? Issue The issue here is whether the purchaser will prevail with regards to recouping the overabundance. Rules For the situation introduced, the purchaser won't prevail with regards to recouping the overabundance installment since it is viewed as void. An agreement made not over nine months or 180 days before the judgment against the purchaser got uncollectible between the purchaser and shipbuilder in which the previous had a money related premium. On the off chance that the big hauler has encountered ordinary mileage, at that point the purchaser will be obligated to the shipbuilder for everything the previous paid for the agreement (Beaston, n.d.; p. 43). Something else, the purchaser will just be subject to the shipbuilder for the market estimation of the big hauler. From what can be derived for the situation introduced, the agreement did exclude any arrangements with respect to money changes. A surprising occurrence which was the cheapening of the money by 10% was watched. This implied the shipbuilder would bring about misfortunes on the underlying agreement. An agreement between the shipb uilder and the purchaser compliant with which the last has paid or consented to pay the cash to the previous, and where the shipbuilder has not yet done the commitments under the agreement, puts forth this attempt uncollectable. The purchaser for this situation hesitantly consented to pay for the misfortune acquired by the purchaser following the money downgrading. In any case, he didn't continue to recuperate the overabundance installment until somebody hundred and eighty days after conveyance. Application/Analysis The realities of the case are that a shipbuilder had contracted to construct a big hauler. In the understanding, there were no arrangements as for money variances. All things considered, a vacillation took place and the shipbuilder wouldn't keep taking a shot at the big hauler until he was paid an additional measure of cash. Legitimate agreements or understandings looking to offer lucidity and conviction for parties included necessitate that specific segments be settled upon under the watchful eye of being legally enforceable. These components incorporate gatherings, property, and cost. The extra installment for the misfortune brought about was excluded from the first agreement and along these lines implied that it would be dictated by the buyers informal exchange or guarantee (Slawson, n.d.; p. 90). There was no entirely worthy cost or arrangements for cash changes in the agreement. In addition, there was no target instrument spread out in the event of such occurrences while the shi pbuilder was building the big hauler. The purchaser was forced into making the additional installment since he/she had a cutoff time to beat. Outstandingly, he sought after the recuperation of the abundance installment nine months after the big hauler had been conveyed to him. As indicated by the law, regardless of the misconception in the middle of the satisfaction of the agreement terms, the shipbuilder figured out how to finish the development of the big hauler and convey it on schedule. He didn't penetrate the agreement. In any case, the purchaser was late in seeking after this specific issue and along these lines rendered the recuperation of the abundance sum void. The purchaser had a chance to drop the agreement with the shipbuilder when the cash vacillated, however he didn't. By law, when the shipbuilder imparted his lack of engagement in proceeding to fabricate the big hauler for the purchaser, he was by implication penetrating the agreement. In any case, since the purchaser was happy to hesitantly cook for the misfortune acquired, the agreement was not ended (Bakan, 2004; p. 45). Strikingly, disappointment by the shipbuilder to do the commitment to give the purchaser the important conditions inside the time set up by the agreement and absence of c onfirmation of availability of the big hauler for shipment, comprise the shipbuilders inability to proceed according to the agreement. This condition is conceded as sensible case for the recuperation of abundance installment made by the purchaser and the punishment established on that installment. End Taking a gander at the case introduced, it has been set up that the purchaser won't prevail with regards to recuperating the overabundance installment. In the event that this was a legal dispute, it would be discovered that the shipbuilder has no case to reply and isn't at risk for anything. The truth is that the purchaser put forth an attempt to recoup the exce

Market for Ready-Made Kids' Meals in America Case Study

Market for Ready-Made Kids' Meals in America - Case Study Example National item improvement includes new brands and inventive advances planned to convey the most ideal quality to the end shopper. American purchasers are regularly derided, rebuked, and hated for their taste (Healthy, Ready Made Meals 2008). Customers appear to be very much aware of the need of improving tastes and fulfilling stylish and mental necessities. First the practical, physiological, and wellbeing parts of items must be fulfilled. When these practical gauges and qualities are recognized and consolidated into items, the representative, stylish, and social measurements, which are progressively identified with item perceivability and imagery, become significant. They are reflected in shopper acquisition of good books, records, canvases, blossoms, the use of better shading sense, great style and structure in the home, and a general redesigning of value (Lyons 87). These appear to demonstrate a superior life and gratefulness for style. From social-social keen, instant Kids' Meals become extremely well known among every social gathering. During the most recent five years, an ever increasing number of African-Americans and Mexican shoppers join the market. additionally, low cost and simple cooking pulls in low social classes and working families. During the most recent five years, shoppers become commonly increasingly worried about the inherent worth or usefulness of items.

The quality of financial statement - Free Essay Example

1. Introduction: The purpose of this assignment is investigation how credit crunch issues is widespread in the world and what is the quality of financial statement. This will be shown by analyzing the fraud in financial statement of Enron and WorldCom. 2. Methodology Analysis based on a review of the academic auditing literature, audit reports, together with articles from financial journal. 3. Background: 3.1. The collapse of Enron and WorldCom 3.2. The financial statement Enron Corporate and The methods of Enron Corporation that used to the fraud of the financial statement From the tables above we can see clearly that without LJM1, JEDI, Chewco and the â€Å"Four Raptors† partnership. In Enron were considerable numbers of partnerships which leads to Enron hided a significant debt. This is one of the methods of Enron primarily used to cover debt. We can see from table 4, Enrons prior-year reported debt amounts are increased by both JEDIs and Chewcos borrowings. In addition, Enrons net income is reduced for specific JEDI revenues previously allocated to Chewco, relating to appreciation in value of Enron stock held by JEDI, wich eliminates upon consolidation. This, in effect, reduces Enrons share of JEDIs earnings. The net effect reduces Enrons prior-years reported net income and shareholders equity amounts. In brief, Enron did not announced adequate information in financial statement in order to reduce tax payments and blow-up income and profits and to raise the price of share (the high stock price was vital issues to the survived of Enron corporation (Peter 2002: 91) and credit rating. Furthermore, Enron created many partnerships and used partnerships to hide debts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Partnership of Enron Corporation The financial activities of Chewco Investments, L.P. (Chewco), a related party which was an investor in Joint Energy Development Investments Limited Partnership (JEDI), should have been consolidated into Enrons consolidated financial statements beginning in November 1997; The financial activities of JEDI, in which Enron was an investor and which were consolidated into Enrons financial statements beginning in the first quarter of 2001, should have been consolidated beginning in November 1997; and The financial activities of a wholly-owned subsidiary of LJM Cayman, L.P. (LJM1), a private investment limited partnership for which the general partners managing member was Andrew S. Fastow, former Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Enron (see Note 4), should have been consolidated into Enrons consolidated financial statements beginning in 1999. 3.3.1. The system of operation to product the financial statement of Enron Looking first at how Enron can cheat in their financial statement. This will be explanation by analyzing their process of making financial statement (Peter 2002: 41-2) in the graph below in order to have clearly understanding. The culture of Enron Corporation was concentrate profit and how to create greater profits (Peter 2002: 47). Thus, every individual in Enron need do like what Directors want do including accountants and the another firms have the same benefit. 3.3.2. The methods of Enron Corporation that used to the fraud of the financial statement One of the methods that Andrew Fastow used on financial statement fraud is he set up the use of Special Purpose Entities(SPEs) so that to finance the purchases and take out of accounting report. In 1997, there are arguments in SPE issue which known like Chewco (Peter 2002: 61).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some summary about SPEs: Original had a good business purposes Really a joint venture between sponsoring company and a group of outside investors. Cash flows from the SPE operations are used to pay investors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  However, Enron had used SPEs to: Hide bad investments and poor-performing assets (Rhythms Net connections). Declines in value of asset would not be recognized by Enron (Mark to Market) Hide debt (borrowed money was not put on financial statements of Enron) Quick execution of related-party transactions at desired prices. (LJM1 and LJM2) To report over $1billion of false income. Many SPE transactions were timed ( or illegally back-dated) just near end of quarters in order to income could be booked just in time and in amounts needed, to meet investor expectations. Mark-to-Market accounting means that it is re-assessed in the valuable in each asset and changes in value are reflected in balance sheet and income statement in the company. Forced sales in illiquid markets set prices Drive asset values to insolvent levels ( despite the absurdity that mark-down of liabilities increase profits) Risk of facing an insolvent counter-party generates runs: wholsesale and quasi-retail Table 5: The different in financial statement frauds between 2 company WorldCom and Enron WorldCom  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Enron Overstating Asset Frauds  Understating Liability/ Expense Frauds The frauds was simple  Ã‚  The frauds was very complicated: many complex transactions and accounting issues 3.4. Credit crunch and quality of financial statement   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.4.1. Credit crunch There is undeniable that credit crunch reveal in the recent global recession. For find out that reason, this quite appropriate to looking at why and how credit crunch occurs. There are number of reason why this financial crisis happened (credit crunch). The credit crunch started in 2007 with the bankrupt of Lehman Brothers, which is one of the most important in the US institutions. When looking at accounting practice, some author have argued that when using fair value accounting, this led to the credit crunch has been getting worsen. This will be difficult to value what is fair value have; thus, many people who control stock market and politicians have arguments for these issues with excessive political preventive in the worldwide (Emerald 2009). On the other hand, in the collapse of Enron and WorldCom, auditors play the important role in the credit crunch occur, which received limited information with opaque reporting. In addition, auditors have change audit report and the r ole of banking, business and the ever more compound financial instruments (Emerald 2009). 3.4.2. Quality of financial statement This wills obsever who is the person that responsibility for quality of financial statement. There is no doubt that with good quality of financial statement leading to do not occur credit crunch. Because financial statements include income statement, balance sheet, and so on that is open information (Jorion 2003).Therefore, How to avoid financial statement frauds is essential. One of the reason is there are an increa.e in the size and number of financial statement frauds. 4. Solution Reference Emerald (2009) Global credit crunch: the role of the auditors [online] available from https://info.emeraldinsight.com/learning/management_thinking/articles/credit_crunch.htm?PHPSESSID=brqmbrv5134rc5p7g9k9dskmr2 [ April 2009] Enron corp (2000) Annual Report 2000 [online] available from www.enron.com [2000] Jorion,P.(2003) Investing in a Post-Enron World. United States: McGraw-Hill Trade Peter,F (2002) What went wrong at Enron. Canada: John Wiley Sons https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1024401/000095012901504218/h92492e10-q.txt

Using Accessors and Mutators in Java

One of the ways we can enforce data encapsulation is through the use of accessors and mutators. The role of accessors and mutators are to return and set the values of an objects state. Lets learn how to program accessors and mutators in Java. As an example, well use a Person class with the state and constructor already defined: Accessor Methods An accessor method is used to return the value of a private field. It follows a naming scheme prefixing the word get to the start of the method name. For example lets add accessor methods for firstname, middleNames and lastname: These methods always return the same data type as their corresponding private field (e.g., String) and then simply return the value of that private field. We can now access their values through the methods of a Person object: Mutator Methods A mutator method is used to set a value of a private field. It follows a naming scheme prefixing the word set to the start of the method name. For example, lets add mutator fields for address and username: These methods do not have a return type and accept a parameter that is the same data type as their corresponding private field. The parameter is then used to set the value of that private field. Its now possible to modify the values for the address and username inside the Person object: Why Use Accessors and Mutators? Its easy to come to the conclusion that we could just change the private fields of the class definition to be public and achieve the same results. Its important to remember that we want to hide the data of the object as much as possible. The extra buffer provided by these methods allows us to: Change how the data is handled behind the scenes.Impose validation on the values that the fields are being set to. Lets say we decide to modify how we store middle names. Instead of just one String we can now use an array of Strings: The implementation inside the object has changed but the outside world is not affected. The way the methods are called remains exactly the same: Or, lets say the application that is using the Person object can only accept usernames that have a maximum of ten characters. We can add validation in the setUsername mutator to make sure the username conforms to this requirement: Now if the username passed to the setUsername mutator is longer than ten characters it is automatically truncated.

Race And Gender Discrimination Contemporary Trends

Race and Gender Discrimination – Contemporary Trends Social Inequality; as defined by sociologists is the unequal opportunities of different social statuses and positions within a group of individuals or in society. The opportunities we receive, our wealth, our rewards, and our punishments, can all be influenced because of our positions we hold in society today. Remember the saying â€Å"the rich get richer and the poor get poorer†, why is this? It’s all because of inequality, there is no fairness when it comes to opportunities, employment, housing, etc. and it is in fact evident. After reading the article, â€Å"Race and Gender Discrimination, Contemporary Trends† there were many trends that I would of liked to discuss in my reflection, however the two trends that I found to be importantly associated with social inequality is the percentage of people who deny racial discrimination against people of color and the belief that blacks and whites have the same standard of living. In this course, a few weeks back we learned about the term colorblind and its relation with racism and society. When reading about the trend on those who deny racial discrimination against those of color I instantly think of this term. Colorblindness is basically suggesting that the best way to end discrimination is by treating individuals as equally as possible, without regard to race, culture, or ethnicity. However, most minorities that encounter everyday difficulties due to their race view colorblindnessShow MoreRelatedCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation1581 Words   |  7 PagesJustice Trends Evaluation Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation John Doe CJA 394 October 01, 2001 Jane Doedy Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation The criminal justice system is forever adjusting to protect and serve a changing society. The paper evaluates, identifies and assesses recent future and current trends affecting the criminal justice system. Lastly, it defines the values of the system in a changing society. 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Imagine That You Are In Charge Of Setting Up A Civilization. What Woul Essay Example For Students

Imagine That You Are In Charge Of Setting Up A Civilization. What Woul Essay d be the first thing that you did? Many people might choose to set up a system of rules and regulations to better control the way the civilization acted and regulated it. After all, a civilization cannot grow and prosper without rules. The civilization would die because no food would be gathered and no one would work for anything. In Lord of the Flies, William Golding had the boys do exactly this. To symbolize the rules and regulations in the boys new society Golding picked a symbol of the conch. By doing this he assigned the conch the responsibility of representing the rules and order in the boys island life. The conch symbolized the rise and fall of order and rules in a civilization. When the United States of America were created, one of the first things that the founding fathers did was to write the Constitution. Every citizen of the USA, then and now, respects the rules and regulations outlined by this document. This is one of the main reasons why our country is so successful, be cause no one disrespects and questions the basis of our society, the Constitution (rules and order). In Iraq, however, there is a totally different situation. There, they have a leader (Saddam Hussein) who misuses the rules. He disrespects the rules and order of Iraq and uses them for his own propaganda. When people of a country, especially the leader of a country, disrespect and misuse the rules, it can have an adverse effect on the well being of that country. The worst thing that can happen for law and order in a society is when people completely disrespect them. This is similar to when Pinochet overthrew the Chilean government. He banned any opposing views and also restricted the freedom of the press. A period of anarchy ensued and common person in Chile was very badly hurt. In Lord of the Flies, William Golding uses the conch as an allegory to law and order in a society. Once people stopped respecting the power of the conch, the boys civilization was destroyed. Law and order in a society depend on the citizens of that societys respect for the rules. When the boys reached the island, the conch helped to form the rules of a society and the assemblies helped to get the civilization started the right way. The conch gave Ralph the power to call an assembly. Whenever he felt a need to address the rules of the society or to scorn the boys for the lack of work ethic he called an assembly to bring all of the boys together. At the assembly, only the one holding the conch is allowed to speak. Thats what the shells called. Ill give the conch to the next person to speak. He can hold it when hes speaking. (33) This is an enormous privilege because it allows the holder of the conch to share his ideas to the rest of the group. This is the avenue that Ralph takes to share his ideas of the rescue fire, and also gives Jack the responsibility to lead the hunters; giving him satisfaction is his power and also keeping him happy. This is the only way a person can gain power and the boys know and respect that fact. When Ralph is elected, it is because not only did he call the assembly, but he was also holding the conch at the time of the election. Yet most powerfully was the conch.(22) The boys respect the conch. Just the thought of the aura of the conch demanded a massive amount of respect, just like the rules in a society. Ralph smiled and held up the conch for silence.(23) Everything is going wonderfully for the boys at this point in the story. They have a strong leader, food, fire and strong set of rules that everyone respects. When all the citizens stay in line the society of which those citizens belong can grow and prosper. .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 , .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 .postImageUrl , .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 , .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67:hover , .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67:visited , .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67:active { border:0!important; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67:active , .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67 .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u71454720cf5aaf83b547490d24b54a67:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Genetics EssayWhen Jack does not listen to the conch, he is disrespecting the rules and regulations of the society. By doing so, he is trying to show that the Ralph way is the wrong way of conducting the island and that his way is better and, without knowing it, brings about a downward spiral of law and order. Conch! Conch! We dont need the conch any more. We know who ought to say things. What good did Simon do speaking, or Bill or Walter? Its time some people knew theyve got to keep quiet and leave deciding things to the rest of us. (101-2) He begins a revolt against the rules and order of a society. He also tries to limit the power of other people besides the leaders. Wh en you take the power of speaking, or the voice, away from the common person than you become less of a democracy and more of a dictatorship. Jack is disrespecting the rules, which clearly state that only the person that has the conch may speak. In a democratic society, there are two ways to gain power over the people; taking it violently or having the citizens willfully give it up. Once the old rules seem less important, Jack is more likely to succeed in doing this. The weaker aura and power of the rules that came with Jacks mini-revolt laid done the foundation for a full-scale power struggle that hurt the boys society. The society of the boys cannot prosper with the great schism between Jack and Ralph. The aura of the conch is gone and there is very little to hold the boys back from anarchy. When a society no longer respects the rules and regulations of a society, there is no way that it can survive. Jack also used the conch, or the rules, to his own propaganda ideals. Jack took ad vantage of the conch to promote himself and take power away from Ralph. And the next thing is that Ralph said my hunters are no good.(126) He is trying to get a major part of the group, the hunters, to believe that Ralph, as the leader, does not respect them and their contribution to the society. Once Jack misuses the conch, it looses some of the prestige. If everyone can call an assembly, than why would the boys respect Ralph, who previously was the only person with the power to do this. The conch is loosing power among the boys just as the rules would loose power once such a great schism is developed between powerful people. When this happens, people dont know whom to turn to. Without the rules and order to guide them, the boys are lost on the island. Because of Jacks gross discrediting of the rules, the boys island society can never again reach the heights it did during the period of time where the rules meant something. Piggys death is very symbolic because it represents the destruction of the conch and the end to all of the rules and regulations in the boys society. Roger kills Piggy very viciously, which goes against almost any set of rules ever made. He throws a boulder at him. This brutal death is also the death of the conch shell and symbolizes how Roger, Jack and the rest of the hunters hold an incredible disregard for the rules and order of Ralphs society. The conch exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist.(181) Not only where the rules, or the conch, destroyed, but they ceased to exist. Once the conch is destroyed, Jacks clan has complete control. In the real world, when anarchy reigns the military is usually who takes over. Once it does so, it has complete control over the people and can manipulate them to its advantage. There is also nobody to keep them in line. William Golding portrays this new lawless society best when he talks about the boy being tortured. He didnt s ay (why). He got angry and made us tie Wilford up. (159) Now that there are no rules, Jack takes full advantage of the situation and treats people the way he wanted to from the beginning. Once the conch is destroyed, the rules cease to exist, when this happens the little people, such as Wilford are hurt and the civilization cannot possibly succeed. .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 , .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 .postImageUrl , .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 , .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227:hover , .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227:visited , .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227:active { border:0!important; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227:active , .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227 .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5ec951cd61dca8a3949eb874e7803227:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ritalin and Its Uses EssayThe rise and fall of the conch symbolized the rise and fall of a system of rules, regulations and order in a society and also was an allegory for many historical events. Whether the conch was representing the writing of the constitution, or the beginnings of a successful society; Saddam Husseins selfish use of propaganda; or a military coup and state of anarchy that followed in Chile, it provided a parallel universe showing how important the rules and regulations are to a successful society. In each situation there is a direct correlation between the amount the citizens respected the rules and how successful the country was. The Lord of the Flies shows how important the peoples respect for the rules is. Without it, no society can prosper because law and order depend on respect for the rules.

Tattoo or not to Tattoo Essay Example For Students

Tattoo or not to Tattoo Essay Tattoos or skin art as it is commonly called, seems to be the latest fashion trend today. Everywhere you look someone else is getting inked, be it could be the college student, the young mom next door, or the executive in his business suit. The history, selection, safety , and care along with some removal methods are not always obvious nor is a non-permanent alternative. All these things and more will be revealed in a few short moments. The history of skin arts beginnings are some what unclear. Some people like tattoo artist Erik Reime think that it goes back to biblical times, in fact it could be conceived that GOD created the first tattoo when he put the mark upon Cain (3). For others it originated n Egypt or as V. Wageman reviews in Victoria Lautmans book The New Tattoo the first tattoo may have come about when some stone age klutz fell down near a hearth found charcoal embedded in his flesh(8). through out history we can see that tattoos have served a variety of purposes. We will write a custom essay on Tattoo or not to Tattoo specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now They have been the distinguishing mark of a slave or a ruler, they were and still are used in prisons and more recently have become a means of personal expression. In the eighteenth century Capt. James Cook brought back to England some tattooed South Sea islanders. Cooks seamen were among the first westerners to have full body tattoos. From there tattoos progressed to the US where slaves were branded with their owners name or some other distinguishing mark. In a web page written and maintained by Robert Birkins we can see how skin art was also used in the prison camps of the former soviet union where a complex language was developed using tattoos as symbols. Such languages have been studied by specialists in hopes of cutting crime rates in the USSR. Some examples of prison tattoos are: Insert From there we progress to modern day, where skin art has become an avenue of self expression. In our generation the tattoo is seen more as who you are than as a political statement or brand. Tattoos today are about experiences, feelings, and a permanent sense of self-worth and pride. The selection of your skin art is as important as the selection of the artist that applies it and of the care that will later be needed to keep it beautiful. One should always be sure that the design is something that you have a love or passion for, whether you decide on flash (ready made artwork that is usually found on the salon walls or in their portfolios) or have an original design, the art you have applied will be with you always and like it or not the artwork you pick will determine the way some people view you. The traditional way to have a tattoo is of course with needles and ink. There is nothing like the pure and natural adrenaline rush that occurs when you sit in the tattoo artists chair and listen while the high pitched hum of some 1,800 pricks per minute machine makes its mark upon your body. One of the most commonly asked questions is does it hurt? This question has been answered by tattoo artist and salon owner Eric Reine, when he replied yes of course it hurts; however please remember that there are several deciding factors on exactly how much pain youll be in. Among these factors are, where the artwork is located, how big the design is, and how high your tolerance for pain is. All of these are determining factors of how bad the pain will be. Large pieces on your back will hurt a lot more than Insert a quarter size tattoo on your arm. Generally speaking any piece done on the ankle Insert , wrist or fingers will hurt more than one done on a fleshy part of the body simply because of the lack of padding, but please dont let this be the deciding factor in where should I put my tattoo if your ankle is where you want your dolphins or band, then grit your teeth and go for it otherwise you will never be happy with your choice, and removal is both costly and painful. The choices for your skin art are limited only by your imagination, available skin, and your wallet, so think long and hard before jumping in. Recently another method of skin art has made its way the Atlantic and is becoming popular. It is Mehndi:, the ancient art of henna tattooing. In her article Body of Art Maya Brown reports that according to Rabi R. Dabit, founder of the first henna salon in the US. Mehndi is believed to have originated in Egypt more than 7,000 years ago. In fact in a recent article answers published in Essence magazine the writer explains the process is more detail. .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .postImageUrl , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:hover , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:visited , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:active { border:0!important; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:active , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Jack of All Trades: The Importance of Being Well EssayThey report that the tattoo like designs are achieved by painting the skin with a henna paste. Traditionally the designs are placed on the hands, wrists, arms. It is also popular on brides to be, and on other religious and/or special ceremonies(38). One of the primary reasons Mehndi is becoming more popular in the US is because the designs will last one to six weeks depending on the location , size, and the type of henna used, for example the designs put on the arms or stomachs will last longer than the ones on the hands simply because hands are washed more often. The cost depends on the area in which you live, and the different salon owners. If you choose to go the traditional route and get a needle and ink tattoo in addition to design and location, you have to find an artist and shop. There are shops opening up almost everywhere it seems and while most are careful about using disposable needles, sterilizing equipment, and handling the ink properly not all are, so be informed ask a lot of questions before sitting in the chair. A reputable artist will always use disposable latex gloves, normally he will not stop a design once he has started, unless it is a large design or unless you ask him to. In her article So you are thinking about getting a tattoo or body piercing Barbara Freyenberger a RN and MSN student also suggest t visit several shops and artist, check out the lighting, if they are clean, do they require consent forms to be filled out, etc. Most important is do you feel comfortable? If not walk out and try somewhere else, usually your first reaction to a place is the best judgment you can have. One of the reasons for doing your homework when checking out a tattoo artist and/or shop is so important is because there is little or no government regulation or requirements. In fact with the exception of a business license, most states or cities do not require an artist to even have a license. Recently however there have been several bills passed in the senate that will change this. One such bill was passed back in 1996 when the Michigan State Senate voted 37-1 that customers under the age of 18 have a parent or guardian along to sign a consent form before getting a tattoo. If they didnt comply then salon owners would face a stiff fine and possible jail time for violations(Detroit News). Other states have passed bills like Dingells Law, under this bill salon owners would be fined a maximum of $1,000. 00 and parents could sue for damages if parental consent was not issued(Tattoo1) More recently Assemblywoman Marion Crecco has introduced two new bills to legislature aimed at regulating the tattoo business. Both are long overdue and for the most part reputable salon owners agree with and welcome the change. The first bill will force the salon owners to obtain a license, the second will require the shop personnel to check Ids and if the client is under 18 he/she will need written parental consent. (Needleman 1). Many shop owners such as Butch Coner agree with the work that the legislation is doing. He believes you cant be too educated in this field that includes the safest, most sterile equipment and procedures in addition to checking identification and having parental consent. What would the results be if the licensing legislation is enacted? Sara Needleman reports that a five member Tattooing and Body Piercing Advisory Committee would be established in the Division of consumer affairs in the department of Public Law and Safety. The committee would be under the jurisdiction of the State Board of Medical Examiners. Applicant for licenses would have to be 18 years of age, of good moral character, and have obtained a high school diploma, Plus, each applicant would have to complete a tattoo or body-piercing education program and pass an examination administered or approved by the board of medical examiners. The licensing bill has been referred to the Assembly Appropriations Committee, while the bill requiring underage children to have parental consent has passed the Consumer Affairs and Regulated Committee and is awaiting a vote in full assembly. Congress, parents, and shop owners want the proposed regulations not just to control underage tattooing but also because tattooing can cause serious health risks if proper precautions are not taken. Some problems include infections, hepatitis and more recently a burning sensation during an MRI. .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .postImageUrl , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:hover , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:visited , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:active { border:0!important; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:active , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Socratic Worldview EssayPam Moore reports in a recent healthbeat show entitled MRIs Tattoos that very rarely patients complain of a burning sensation the area of the tattoo. DR Jermon Barkas who heads the California Pacific Medical Centers MRI imaging center explains that the problem is caused by the metal that is contained is some red tattoo dyes, so that Theoretically there is a risk that the metal in the tattoo could heat up in the MRI machine. However he further explains that it is very rare for a patient to have a problem like this and there is no reason to avoid having an MRI if it is needed. Okay, you have picked out the tattoo design, figured out an artist and shop to make your dream come true Now how do you care for it? Most shops will give you an oral directions and a card something like the one here. Insert But if not , an internet source Tattoo Revolution suggests: ?. Do not remove the bandage for at least 2 hours ?. Do not pick scabs ?. Wash the area with soap and water once a day, after washing apply a thin layer of lotion to the area. Please use a fragrance free lotion that is not petroleum based, the fragrance can cause irritation and the petroleum doesnt allow the skin to breath. . Apply the lotion several times a day ? Do not soak your tattoo for any reason ? Keep out of direct sunlight (or tanning beds) for at least one month, after this apply at least a SPF30 to prevent the colors from fading Of all these directions Do not pick scabs is the most important because when you pick the scab off it results in scarring, loss of color and it increases the risk of infection. Another FAQ is What if I change my mind, and I dont like my tattoo? For this problem there are only three solutions. The first is the easiest and cheapest: Swallow hard and live with it. The second solution is a cover-up. This will require a talented artist, a little pain, and some imagination, and a fair amount of expense. This method works best for small pieces and is best left between the artist and yourself. Finally there is tattoo removal. This is without a doubt the most expensive way to have a tattoo removed. One internet source finds that since there are several methods to remove a tattoo today, you physician will choose one depending on several factors, such as the size of the tattoo, location, and the amount of time you had your artwork. It continues with the following explanations and graphics. The most popular way of removing a small tattoo is by Excision, this procedure involves numbing the area and surgically removing the tattoo, the edges are stitched back together and off you go with minimal bleeding and discomfort. Insert Dermabrasion is another method. This requires the physician to spray the tattoo with a solution that will freeze the area. Then the physician causes the skin to peel by rubbing it with a sandpaper-like material. A dressing is then applied. Insert Perhaps the oldest method available is Salabrasion. This century old procedure is similar to dermabrasion in that the sandpaper-like material is used however in this method after the area is numbed a salt water solution is applied before the sanding occurs. With new technological breakthroughs happening almost daily, Lasers have quickly become the newest and easiest form of tattoo removable available. Insert Three such techniques have been introduced recently, while not cheap they will erase that tattoo and with minimal scarring. Selective Phototherolysis is recommended for small easy to remove tattoos. This method uses lasers to destroy only the inked skin cells so it has little scarring. This process has been further improved with the introduction of High Lesion according to the director of The Laser and Skin Surgery of New York, New York Citys Roy Geronemus, MD in an article written by Linda Benson for Dermatology Times. The Vetrapulse CO2 laser is designed to remove the super thin layers of skin (again with little scarring) this method may need to be combined with selective lasers to remove all of the inked cells. Another laser used for tattoo removal is the Pohotoderm PL Laser while this method will get all the pigment out at once the results are not as consistent according to dermatologist Steven B. Snyder, MD (Geracil). A tattoo is a very personal thing. One that for most requires a lot of thought and planning. This combined with the proper artist, care, and legislation will make you vision come true. If not there is always the alternative of removal so, Tattoo or Not to Tattoo the decision is yours.